All bout MERCURY….

Mercury was named after the Roman messenger of the gods

The exact date of Mercury’s discovery is unknown. The first historical record is from the Sumerians around 3000 BC.

Mercury has some kind of atmosphere

Mercury only has 38% of the Earth’s gravity. Despite the fact that the emitted gases escape into space, they are constantly replenished at the same time by those carried by solar winds, radioactive decay and dust caused by micrometeorites.

Mercury and its liquid core

In recent years, NASA scientists will be determining whether Mercury’s sometimes considered solid iron core can in fact be molten. Usually, the core of the smaller planets cools quickly, but after extensive research, the results have not been as expected. Scientists believe that the core contains lighter elements such as sulfur, which lower the melting point of the core material. It is estimated that Mercury’s core makes up 42% of its volume, while the Earth’s core makes up 17%.

Only 2 space missions visited the planet.

Due to its distance from the Sun, Mercury is not an easy planet to explore. In 1974-1975, the Mariner 10 probe flew around Mercury three times and managed to photograph half of the planet’s surface. The next mission was Messenger, which ran from 2011 to 2015 and studied the planet’s chemical composition, geology, and magnetic field.

Mercury’s core is liquid.

While planets of this size cool off rather quickly and their cores turn into solids, Mercury seems to contradict this theory. Probably due to the sulfur content in the nucleus, its melting point is lower and part of it remains in the liquid state. The core is 85% of the planet’s diameter.

Planet density

Mercury is a very dense planet; the density is 5427 kg / m³. The only planet with higher density in the solar system is Earth.

Surface with many craters

Mercury has many craters, mountains, and some flat regions. The largest crater, Caloris Planitia, has a diameter of 1,300 km. The space probe “Mariner 10” approached this planet after traveling almost 170 million kilometers, and its journey took 146 days. Mariner 10 flew past Mercury three times taking pictures of it. It was then discovered that its surface was crossed by huge, steep slopes over 3 km high that cut crater walls for hundreds of kilometers.

When can you see the planet ?

About 14 times each century, Mercury shifts exactly between the Sun and Earth. Astronomers call this the passage of Mercury through the solar disk. The planet is then visible as a small speckle moving from east to west through the Sun’s disc.

**INTERETING FACTS**

Mercury has no natural satellites.

Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system. The diameter of the planet is 2439.7 km.

Mercury is one of the four rocky planets of the solar system.

Mercury has virtually no atmosphere. Therefore, the temperature on the planet’s surface ranges from 100 to 700 K. The residual atmosphere consists mainly of 42% oxygen, 29% sodium, 22% hydrogen, 6% helium, 0.5% potassium.

Mercury follows an orbit with the largest eccentricity among the planets in the solar system. The coefficient is 0.2056, which means that at perihelion the distance of Mercury from the Sun is 46 million and at aphelion 69.8 million kilometers.

Mercury takes 59 days to rotate around its axis, but only 88 days to orbit the sun. This means that there are less than 2 days in a year.

Many astronomers believe that Mercury may be the core of what was once a much larger planet – it appears to be a huge ball of iron covered with a thin layer of rock.

Mercury is 70% metal and 30% silicate.

Mercury is the second densest planet. Despite its small size, Mercury is a very dense planet. Each cubic centimeter has a density of 5.4 g, only the Earth has a higher density. This is largely due to the fact that the planet is mostly composed of heavy metals and rock.

Mercury has an uneven surface. The iron core of the planet cools and is compact, so the surface of the planet has become wrinkled. Scientists called these inequalities wrinkles – “Lobate Scarps” – they reach the size of a mile and can extend for hundreds of kilometers in length.

Gravity on Mercury is 38% of Earth’s gravity

Mercury is 70% metal and 30% silicate.

In the center of the planet is a solid core about 2,000 kilometers in diameter. They are surrounded by a fluid nucleus with a radius of about 1000 kilometers. The MESSENGER probe was used to determine the geological structure of the planet.

Mercury’s surface was heavily bombarded by comets and asteroids about 4.6 billion years ago and during the Great Bombardment period between 4.1 and 3.8 billion years ago. Due to the planet’s lack of an atmosphere, these impacts created a number of impact craters.

A year on Mercury lasts 88 Earth days.

A day on Mercury is 176 Earth days.

In classical Greece it was called Apollo when it appeared as the morning star just before sunrise and Hermes, the Greek equivalent of the Roman god Mercury, when it appeared as the evening star just after sunset.

Much of Mercury may have been covered in dry lava. The planet’s northern plains appear smooth because the lava may have spilled onto the surface, smoothing it as it moved. Although scientists do not see volcanic activity on Mercury’s surface right now, many believe it could be a good explanation of what the planet looks like today.

Mercury does not experience any seasons. Mercury’s axis has the lowest tilt of any other planet, which results in no seasons on its surface.

Even if Mercury is the planet closest to the sun, its surface can still be very cold. Daytime temperatures can reach 450 degrees Celsius, but at night temperatures can drop to minus 170 degrees Celsius. These fluctuations equate to a temperature fluctuation of over 600 degrees Celsius, the largest of any planet in the solar system.

Mercury has no moons or rings because of its low gravity and lack of an atmosphere.

A planet called Vulcan was once thought to exist between the orbits of Mercury and the Sun – but such a planet has never been found.

Astronomers did not realize Mercury was a planet until 1543, when Copernicus published his solar model of the solar system – putting the Sun at the center of the solar system, not the center of the Earth as previously thought.

Mercury travels approximately 180,000 km / h along its elliptical orbit. The planet only takes 88 days on Earth to completely orbit the sun.

Scientists believe there is ice in Mercury’s craters. The north and south poles of the planet are cold and shaded, which may allow them to trap water ice. Meteorites and comets may have delivered ice to these areas, or water vapor from Mercury may have seeped out and frozen.

Mercury’s orbit is more of an ellipse than a circular one. According to scientists and astronomers, it has the most eccentric orbit in the solar system and the least circular of all the planets.

Scientists believe that the huge asteroid struck Mercury about 4 billion years ago, creating a giant crater about 1,545 km wide. Dubbed the Caloris Basin, the crater could contain the entire state of Texas. Scientists have calculated that the asteroid that created the crater must have been about 100 km wide.

18 Mercury-sized planets would fit on Earth.

Mercury is the densest planet next to Earth. It has a solid core and shell. Its core is made of metal – mostly iron. Its shell is made of stone.

Nor is there water on Mercury’s surface, but it is possible that there may be water below the surface.

Its atmosphere consists mainly of oxygen, sodium, potassium, and helium.

59 days on Earth is equal to 1 day on Mercury.

Mercury can be seen from Earth. Look for it when the sun rises in the morning or when the sun goes down at night. It looks like a bright star that is close to the sun.

If you weigh 60 kilograms on Earth, then you will only weigh 18 kilograms on Mercury. All thanks to low gravity.

One of the first spacecraft to visit Mercury was Mariner 10 in 1974, which took pictures of almost half of the surface. It looks a bit like Earth’s moon with lots of meteor craters and comets crashing against it

Mercury is the first planet from the sun. It is not easy to observe because it is always close to the Sun in the sky. Even at its best, it is close to the horizon and only visible for a few hours after sunset or before sunrise.

The planet moves so fast that in just 88 days it forms a complete loop around the sun. Mercury is a small, rocky world. It is only as wide as the Atlantic Ocean.

Mercury is slightly larger than our moon.

Because Mercury is so small, it has a very weak magnetic field. Gases such as oxygen or hydrogen are blown out into space.

There is a huge crater called the Caloris Basin, about 1,550 kilometers wide.

18 Mercury-sized planets would fit on Earth.

Mercury is the densest planet next to Earth. It has a solid core and shell. Its core is made of metal – mostly iron. Its shell is made of stone.

Nor is there water on Mercury’s surface, but it is possible that there may be water below the surface.

Its atmosphere consists mainly of oxygen, sodium, potassium, and helium.

59 days on Earth is equal to 1 day on Mercury.

Mercury, a planet of the solar system. Eighth in size and weight. Its proximity to the Sun and its pettiness make it the most elusive planet visible to the naked eye.

Despite the difficulty of seeing it, Mercury was known at least through Sumerian times, some 5,000 years ago. In classical Greece it was called Apollo when it appeared as the morning star just before sunrise and Hermes, the Greek equivalent of the Roman god Mercury, when it appeared as the evening star just after sunset.

Hermes was the swift messenger of the gods, and the name of the planet is therefore probably a reference to its rapid movements relative to other objects in the sky.

Even in newer eras, many sky watchers had never seen Mercury throughout their lives. It is assumed that Nicolaus Copernicus, whose heliocentric model of the sky in the 16th century explained why Mercury and Venus always appear in close proximity to the Sun, expressed regret on his deathbed that he himself never looked at the planet Mercury.

Mercury is only the second hottest planet. Venus, although farther from the Sun than Mercury, actually experiences higher temperatures. This is because Mercury has no temperature-regulating atmosphere and causes the most extreme temperature changes of any planet.

Much of Mercury may have been covered in dry lava. The planet’s northern plains appear smooth because the lava may have spilled onto the surface, smoothing it as it moved. Although scientists do not see volcanic activity on Mercury’s surface right now, many believe it could be a good explanation of what the planet looks like today.

Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system with a diameter of 4,879 km and is one of five planets that are visible to the naked eye.

Mercury is the second densest planet after Earth. Despite its small size, Mercury is very dense because it is composed mainly of heavy metals and rock – the main characteristics of terrestrial planets.

The planet’s atmosphere is so thin that scientists have another name for it: the exosphere. The moon and other bodies in the solar system also have exospheres, perhaps making it the most common type of atmosphere in the solar system.

Mercury does not experience any seasons. Mercury’s axis has the lowest tilt of any other planet, which results in no seasons on its surface.

Even if Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, its surface can still be very cold. Daytime temperatures can reach 450 degrees Celsius, but at night temperatures can drop to minus 170 degrees Celsius. These fluctuations equate to fluctuations in temperature of over 600 degrees Celsius, the largest of any planet in the solar system.

Mercury is named after the messenger of the Roman gods, also known in Greek mythology as Hermes. This is due to the speed at which Mercury orbits the sun and the speed at which the Roman deity Mercury was able to deliver messages.

The iron core of the mercury core absorbs about 75 percent of the planet’s radius. The huge core contains more iron than any other planet in the solar system.

Mercury has no moons or rings due to its low gravity and lack of atmosphere.

29th March 1974: The planet Mercury, the nearest planet to the Sun, as seen from the exploratory spacecraft Mariner 10. A photomosaic tinted to approximate the appearance of Mercury. (Photo by MPI/Getty Images)

A planet called Vulcan was once thought to exist between the orbits of Mercury and the Sun – but such a planet has never been found.

Mercury is one of the four rocky planets of the solar system.

Mercury has virtually no atmosphere. Therefore, the temperature on the planet’s surface ranges from 100 to 700 K. The residual atmosphere consists mainly of: 42% oxygen, 29% sodium, 22% hydrogen, 6% helium, 0.5% potassium.

Mercury follows an orbit with the largest eccentricity among the planets in the solar system. The coefficient is 0.2056, which means that at perihelion the distance of Mercury from the Sun is 46 million and at aphelion 69.8 million kilometers.

Astronomers did not realize Mercury was a planet until 1543, when Copernicus published his solar model of the solar system – putting the Sun at the center of the solar system, not the center of the Earth as previously thought.

The planet is only 38% of Earth’s gravity. This means that Mercury is unable to maintain the atmosphere it has and is instead ventilated by the solar winds. However, these same solar winds also bring in new gases, radioactive decay, and micrometeorite dust – replenishing the atmosphere.

Mercury travels approximately 180,000 km / h along its elliptical orbit. The planet only takes 88 days on Earth to completely orbit the sun.

Scientists believe there is ice in Mercury’s craters. The north and south poles of the planet are cold and shaded, which may allow them to trap water ice. Meteorites and comets may have delivered ice to these areas, or water vapor from Mercury may have seeped out and frozen.

Mercury’s orbit is more of an ellipse than a circular one. According to scientists and astronomers, it has the most eccentric orbit in the solar system and the least circular of all the planets.

Scientists believe that the huge asteroid struck Mercury about 4 billion years ago, creating a giant crater about 1,545 km wide. Called the Caloris Basin, the crater could contain the entire state of Texas. Scientists calculated that the asteroid that created the crater must have been about a width of about 100 km.

Mercury can be seen from Earth. Look for it when the sun rises in the morning or when the sun goes down at night. It looks like a bright star that is close to the sun.

If you weigh 60 kilograms on Earth, then you will only weigh 18 kilograms on Mercury. All thanks to low gravity.

Mercury has no Moons.

One of the first spacecraft to visit Mercury was Mariner 10 in 1974, which took pictures of almost half of the surface. It looks a bit like Earth’s moon with lots of meteorite craters and comets crashing against it

Mercury has extreme temperatures because of the Sun and because it has almost no atmosphere. The solar part of the planet has a temperature of 800 degrees. The other side of the planet reaches a temperature of -300 degrees.

It has an inner metallic core about 2,000 kilometers wide, which is about 80 percent of its radius. Research used radar to survey the core in 2007 and found it to be partially liquid and to have an outer shell about 400 kilometers wide.

When meteors enter Earth’s dense atmosphere, they usually burn up long before they reach Earth. When meteors enter Mercury’s atmosphere, they do not slow down. Instead, they hit the planet, causing craters.

Mercury has no atmosphere, meaning there is no wind or weather.

People have known about the planet for thousands of years. She was named for the glory of the Roman god Mercury, the fastest of all gods.

Scientists believe that there is frozen ice in the deep craters at the poles.

This planet has an extremely low surface gravity.

Who Discovered Mercury? Nobody knows exactly, but the Romans named Mercury after their messenger god, which was their fastest god and the one to whom they prayed for success in business. Since it is the closest planet to the sun, it looks as if it is moving fast.