Mathematic is called the queen of sciences. There is a reason – it is the language of many other fields of science. However, many people cannot imagine her in the form of a queen; more often they see an image of boring and difficult to understand science, well, I not going to lie here, I was kind of one of those people. I loved history, reading books, literature and languages, bur I did not understand the beauty of Math. Well, on the bright side, I ended up studying history, reading a lot, and writing this blog 😊
Nevertheless, I wish sometimes, that’s my teachers could put some effort into making me discover and appreciate math a little bit more.
Mathematics is a science that provides the necessary tools to obtain specific conclusions from adopted assumptions. The scope of mathematics is very wide and is constantly growing. References to this science can be seen in practically all sciences, technology, and even in the humanities
So, the idea came to me , to collect some of the most interesting tidbits and curiosities about math and numbers… let us have some fun with math today.
*** INTERESTING FACT***
- The Pythagorean triangle is a right triangle in which the length of the sides are natural numbers, for example 5, 12, 13 or 7, 24, 25 or 3, 4.5.
- The triangle with sides 3, 4.5 is called the Egyptian triangle because it was used by the Egyptians to determine the right angle in the area.
- Pascal’s triangle is closely related to the Newton symbol.
- The problem of infinity appeared as early as in ancient Greece, and more precisely in the Pythagorean school, where it was believed that infinity is something to which no value is assigned.
- American mathematician Edward Kasner, wanting to familiarize his nephew with large numbers, invented the name googol for a number equal to 10100.
- When counting on fingers became insufficient for the Greeks, they invented the abacus, something similar to our abacus today.
- Abacus had many very different forms. It was most often in the form of rectangular boards with carved grooves, in which stones were placed, which marked the individual positions of a specific number. Later, they began to make holes and thread them on strings. This is how a portable device for calculations was born.
- The largest applicable number in the world is 10100 or googol. The Graham number was created to estimate the Graham-Rothschild problem. This number cannot be written down using traditional methods.
- The sum of the numbers on the roulette wheel is 666, which is why it is called the “devil’s game”.
- There are over 20 different numbers in the world. For example, in Arabic 4 it looks like this: ٤, Tamil like this: ௪, Thai like this: ๔.
- The first numbers were written in the form of Egyptian hieroglyphs in the third millennium B.C.
- Arabic numerals are commonly used in the world (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9).
- Arabic numerals actually come from India in the 7th century.
- The Italian mathematician Fibonacci was the propagator of numbers in Europe.
- Before Arabic numerals appeared in Europe, Roman numerals were used.
- The PI number has its international holiday on March 14.
- William Shanks in the 19th century calculated the first 707 digits of Pi by hand, unfortunately he made a mistake after the 527th position.
- here are no zeros in the first 31 decimal places of PI.
- Initially, a dot was used instead of zeros.
- In the 20th century, practically all simple calculations were made using Arabic numerals.
- The Maya used 20 digits (vigesian system).
- In 2019, Emmie Haruka working at Google calculated 31,415,926,535,897 decimal places of Pi.
- In mathematics we find game theory, knot theory and braid theory.
- A random experience is called a “Laplace experience” when the space of elementary events is finite, and all these events are equally probable. In Laplace’s time, dice was a popular type of gambling in French salons.
- Of all the figures having the same perimeter, the circle will have the greatest area, but among the figures with the same area, the circle will have the smallest perimeter.
- The probability of any event is between 0 and 1.
- Zero is a number that will not be written in Roman numerals.
- The equal sign, or =, was first used by Robert Record in 1557.
- Stephen Hawking, a British cosmologist, astrophysicist, and theoretical physicist who works mainly with quantum gravity and the black hole, died on the day of Pi, 14 March.
- Donald Ervin Knuth, an American mathematician introduced the term ceiling and floor to define a function that rounds real numbers from integers up and down, respectively.
- The sum of the numbers from 1 to 100 is exactly 5050.
- Lewis Carroll, author of Alice in Wonderland, was also a mathematician. He was also a lecturer at Oxford and wrote about 250 academic papers in both mathematics and cryptography and logic.
- Thales of Miletus on a trip to Egypt, was the first to measure by shadow and its relation to height -height of the pyramids.
- A moment is a unit of time lasting about one hundredth of a second.
- The number 13 is considered unlucky probably because of the last supper which was attended by 13 people.
- Prime numbers are the numbers that have only two factors, that are, 1 and the number itself. Some Prime numbers of examples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97.
- Greek Hypatia was the first woman mathematician. She lived in Alexandria, Egypt in the fourth century.
- George Dantzig, who was a mathematics student at the time, was late for class, so he took the equation written on the blackboard for his homework, which he managed to solve. Later it turned out that these were two “unsolvable” equations in statistics.
- 3The first 31 digits of Pi after the decimal point do not contain the 0 digit. It appears in the 32 place after the decimal point.
- The elderly British mathematician Abraham de Moive noticed that he slept 15 minutes longer each day, and this is how he created an arithmetic sequence in which he determined when he would sleep 24 hours. This day was to be November 27, 1754, and as it turned out, it was the date of his death.
- If you multiply your age by 7 and then multiply it by 1443, you get your age written three times in a row.
- The number Pi was first calculated in the 6th century AD by an Indian mathematician.
- Negative numbers were first legalized in the 3rd century in China but were only used in exceptional cases as they were generally considered meaningless.
- In the 11th century in India, quadratic equations arose. The largest number that was used in India was 1,053, while the Romans and Greeks only used 106 at the time.
- The Deli problem, or cube doubling, is one of the three great problems of ancient Greek mathematics. It consists in building a cube, the volume of which will be twice as large as given.
- The Benford Distribution is a law that is used to detect statistical falsifications and embezzlement.
- An asymptotic triangle is a triangle that has two parallel sides.
- A composite number is a positive integer that can be formed by multiplying two smaller ones. Some examples include: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 100, 102, 104, 105, 106, 108, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150.
- A magic square is a table in which positive natural numbers were entered in such a way that the sum of count both vertically and horizontally, as well as diagonally, gives the same result.
- The first sign + was used by Nicole d’Oresme, a French mathematician. He used this sign instead of the conjunction “and” in his work on which he worked in the years 1356-1361.
- Nash equilibrium relates to game theory and is one of the more important concepts. It was introduced by the Nobel Prize winner John Nash.
- Pi is a transitive number, which means that there is no integer polynomial with Pi as root.
- Regular polyhedra are solids, all faces of which are congruent regular polygons and each vertex has the same number of edges.
- From equilateral triangles one can compose three ideal solids – icosahedron, i.e., regular icosahedron, octahedron, i.e., regular octahedron, and tetrahedron, i.e., regular tetrahedron.
- One of the oldest methods of encryption comes from Julius Caesar, who encrypted his correspondence with Cicero. It consisted in the fact that in the place of each letter, he entered a letter which appeared three places further in the alphabet, that is, instead of “a”, he entered “c”, and “c” replaced “f”.
- In the Si system, the unit of work, energy and heat is the joule (J).
- A rugby ball is a geometric ellipsoid, that is, a figure in which all the planar sections are ellipses.
- 50 ° Fahrenheit equals 10 ° Celsius.
- A Cardinal Number is a number that says how many of something there are, such as one, two, three, four, five.
- An Ordinal Number is a number that tells the position of something in a list, such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th etc.
- A mutually unambiguous function in mathematics is called Bijek. It is a function according to which each picture element has exactly one domain element.
- Banach space is one of the basic concepts of function analysis, named after its creator. Nowadays, Banach spaces are well known all over the world, mainly by math students.
- Theaetet, or Plato’s student, is considered to be the discoverer of the regular dodecahedron.
- The hour and minute hands overlap 22 times a day.
- “False roots” is a concept introduced into mathematics by Descartes as a response to the inaccuracies of eighteenth-century modern arithmetic co-created by him. It is also the first use of negative numbers in the history of mathematics in Europe.
- The first number in division received the name of “brave”.
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz first used a period to determine the sign of the multiplication in a letter to John Bernoulli. As he claimed, he invented the dot sign because the commonly used × is often confused with x for the unknown in the equation.
- The number e, the so-called Eulerian numeric, is a mathematical constant used in many areas of both mathematics and physics, which is approximately 2.71….
- In a typical dice, the total number of dice on opposite sides is 7, namely: 3 + 4, 2 + 5, 1 + 6.
- Suzhou is the only surviving numerical system that is derived from numerical sticks.
- The 58. 60-year-old Japanese was included in the Guinness Book of Records because he managed to remember the most Pi numbers after the decimal point, namely, he recited 100,000 numbers, thus breaking his record in 1995, when he remembered 83,432 numbers .
- Det is the symbol denoting the matrix determinant, int is the inside of the set, lim is the boundary, and rank is the rank of the matrix.
- Plato is the discoverer of Platonic solids such as: tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, and icosahedron.
- Leonardo of Pisa is the creator of the Fibonacci Sequence – 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181, 6765, 10946, 17711, 28657, 46368, 75025, 121393, 196418, 317811, …
- An hour consists of 3600 seconds, which can be easily calculated as follows: 60 × 60 = 3600.
- A typical 8 × 8 chessboard has 32 white squares and 32 black squares.
- An imaginary number is a complex number that squares it negative. Such numbers were dealt with by great scientists such as Euler and Hamilton.
- The letter A in the hexadecimal number system stands for 10. Therefore, the numbers from 0 to 9 are written normally, but still appear as: A = 10, B = 11, C = 12, etc.
- Neper’s number is the basis of the natural logarithm.
- Leonhard Euler is one of the greatest mathematicians in history. He introduced the notation “f (x) to denote the function f of the argument x,” i “as an imaginary number, and” e “as a Euler number.
- Euclid is the author of The Elements, which has become a model in many scientific fields and shaped the way we think about mathematical theories.
- In Europe, computing devices appeared in the 14th century and were widely used for several centuries.
- The circumference of the base of the Cheops pyramid, divided by its double height, is 3.1415, which is the number Pi.
- The ancient Sumerians and Babylonians used the sexagesimal numeral system. This system is still used today to record the time.
- A trillion in English is called a quintillion, which is associated with the use of a short scale in Anglo-Saxon countries, in which there are no billion and quintillion, therefore the trillion in translation “jumps” to the quintillion. This causes a problem in translating large numbers and frequent errors.
- Googol is ten to the hundredth power.
- The name of the goggle search engine was created precisely by the mistake of its creator, L. Page, who wanted to name it googol.
- Albert Einstein was born on the Pi Day, March 14.
- Pythagoras is considered the creator of the multiplication table. In several languages, such as French and Russian, the multiplication table is called the Pythagorean table.
- The queen of the casino, or roulette, was invented by mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1645. The idea related to his interest in probability calculus. Originally there was no zero in it, however it was later added to increase the profit of the casino.
- In East Asia, the number 4 is considered unlucky. In Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese and Korean, the words “death” and “four”are practically identical in pronunciation. The number four is so frightening that some residential buildings do not have a fourth floor.
- The symbol for the integral, or the long letter S, comes from the Latin word “summa”, meaning sum. Integration is a generalization of summation.
- Pi is an irrational number, which means that it cannot be represented as a quotient of two integers.
- A weird number is a natural number that is abundant (abundant number or excessive number is a number that is smaller than the sum of its proper divisors) but not semiperfect ( semiperfect number or pseudoperfect number is a natural number n that is equal to the sum of all or some of its proper divisors. A semiperfect number that is equal to the sum of all its proper divisors is a perfect number). For example: The smallest, weird number is 70, which has proper divisors 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 35. These sum to 74; In other words, the sum of the proper divisors (divisors including 1 but not itself) of the number is greater than the number, but no subset of those divisors sums to the number itself. The other weird numbers: 70, 836, 4030, 5830, 7192, 7912, 9272, 10430,
Carl Friedrich Gauss was called the prince of mathematicians, and all because at a very young age he was considered a true mathematical genius. Before turning 20, he made many discoveries.
The three famous problems of ancient Greek mathematics are: doubling the cube, squaring a circle, and trisection of an angle.
Norbert Wiener is an American mathematician who is the founder of cybernetics, that is, the science of control systems and the related data transfer and processing.
We have 24 leap years in a century. A leap year occurs every four years, except for full centuries.
The number Pi with an accuracy of 200 decimal places is: ≈ 3, 141 592 653589 793238 462643 383279 502 884 197169 399 375 105820 974944 592307 816406 286208 998628 034825 342117 067982 148086 513282 306647 4502844 725550 922831 582 831 582 593 .
The number “phi” or the golden number is approximately 1. 61.
Extrapolation in mathematics is the estimation of the value of a function at a point beyond the partition where the data falls.
In 1921, Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for the photoelectric effect.
The Möbius strip has only one edge and only one side.
The author of the Menon Paradox is Plato. This paradox contains a series of arguments and concepts that have influenced the development of Western thought to a great extent.
The exact chance of hitting a six in the lotto is one in 13983816. To be sure that you will hit a six, you have to cross out all possible combinations and spend PLN 40 million.
Circular functions are also cyclometric functions, that is, inverse functions to trigonometric functions limited to specific divisions.
The concept of noble numbers does not exist in mathematics.
Rejewski’s bomb was used before the outbreak of World War II to decode the Enigma. It was a device constructed by Rejewski, Zygalski and Różycki. It was a unique device, because apart from breaking the codes, it was based on an extraordinary mathematical concept, which made it possible to break the encryption mechanism of the Enigma which was supposed to be impossible to realize.
The shape of the hyperbolic paraboloid resembles a saddle.
With Heron’s formula, the area of a triangle can be calculated.
A fractal is a curve or a solid or surface that is created by dividing figures sequentially.
The tangent of the acute angle in a right-angled triangle is the ratio of the length of the side to the side of the side.
A perfect number is a number that is equal to the sum of all its divisors less than itself. The first perfect number is a six.
Fermi’s questions are such questions that are really hard to answer and in which you have to estimate a variety of values, for example, how many kilograms of salt a person eats in a lifetime or how many leaves are on all the oaks in the world.
The Drake Equation is a formula for the number of technological civilizations that exist in our Galaxy. However, this equation is not about the exact number of civilizations, but more about understanding the mechanisms influencing the chances of other civilizations arising.
In 1936, Stanisław Mazur offered as a reward for solving a mathematical problem related to Banach spaces – a live goose. The award was received in 1972 by the Swedish mathematician – Perowi Enflö.
The symbol “i” was introduced in 1777 to denote the element z – 1. Such a solution was proposed by Leonhard Euler and was popularized in 1801 by Carl Friedrich Gauss. It is the most famous symbol of the imaginary unit today.
The prisoner’s dilemma is a problem in game theory based on a two-player non-zero-sum game in which each player can betray his opponent and thus gain something for himself, but both will lose if they are betrayed. In this case, you can gain the most by deciding to cheat, and the least by agreeing to cooperate.
The precursor to abstract algebra was Évariste Galois. In a letter he wrote before his early death, he included the most important achievements and mathematical ideas.
